Test

We had a test, it seemed ok!

REVIEW REVIEW REVIEW

TODAY WAS REVIEW WE HAD LOTS OF IT HERES AS PICTURE OF MY REVIEW THERE WAS A LOT WE ARE TESTED ON  A LOT OF STUFF SO WE HAVE TO REVIEW A LOT LOOK AT MY REVIEW. TEST SOON YAY

Chapter 6

So apparently. ALL ANIMALS ARE VERY SIMILAR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR BODIES. This is all because of three apparent germ layers. Each layer develops a different section of the body. But first, lets look at what happens. During development, tissues fold over each other multiple times until they look like tubes within tubes. The inner tubes work as the inner parts of the body and these tubes develop organs and the like. The outer tubes develop hair and that kind of outer stuff. So anyways, these three layers are called the endoderm(inside layers, develops organs) the mesoderm(middle layer, that develops the skeleton as well as the muscles) and finally, the ectoderm(this develops the skin and such). Finally, the way all these things develop in the way that they do(for example why the anus is not in front) is because of a certain thing called an operator. It is not a singular thing, but a combination of different chemicals that work together and directing the forming of the entirety of the body.

HOLY CRAP BIG TICKS ON A SCREEN

Today we learned how to use a microscope and looked at many things. We first looked at a super tiny tick UP CLOSE. HOLY CRAP IT'S CREEPY. And then we looked at a cheek sample and apparently Raymond said there were some "bugs" in my cheek but i know that's totally wrong. I use mouthwash :). Anyways, it was a fun class.

TEST

FUNFUNFUNFUNFUNFUNFUN. It seemed really easy. I hope I did well. :D

Pedigrees- they suck

This class was hard. Pedigrees are hard. They're kinda really hard to deal with because you have to think so intensely when you do them because they simply are just lots of work to deal with. We don't know if the affected person is a carrier or not or whether the trait is recessive or dominant so it just takes a lot of work to figure out this stuff.

corn- it's pretty chill

Today we tried to figure out the genotypes of multicolored corn by counting each individual kernel -_- it was annoying but the reason why we did this was because each kernel is an offspring of the original corn so by figuring out the ratios of the different colors, we can figure out what the original parental genotypes were. PRETTY AWESOME.

Holy crap this is hard.- Dihybrid crosses

Today we learned about dihybrid crosses. So what exactly they are is what happens to the offspring when tehre are two different sets of genes working with each parent. So what if we were dealing with white spots AS WELL AS tall genes. It was pretty enlightening though, this day. I've learned a ton and i'm gonna keep it with me for THE REST OF MY LIFE. Thanks!

Alien creation

So today we crossbred different aliens based on their genotypes of whether they were homozygous recessive or heterozygous dominant or whatever. Through this assignment, I now have a firm grasp on the concepts of how certain traits are passed onto offspring. THANK YOU MR. QUICK.

Test :*(

Test. It was fine. Got out of class after I finished. REALLY NOTHING TO SEE HERE. LOL.

REVIEW DAY

Today was a review day, nothing special, move on. We reviewed protein synthesis and the like. Pretty chill class

STUDENT LECTURE YAY

So today, we reviewed protein synthesis in front of the WHOLE ENTIRE CLASS. We went through all the processes such as transcription, translation and the like. We went into GREAT DETAIL with the entire explanations and have improved our lives from then on. Then we went to observe our E. coli slides, so for some strange reason, some of the previous glowing samples have been glowing a lot less radiantly. Mr. Quick said it was because the Arabinose operon system is beginning to end because since now there is a lot less Arabinose within the colony of bacteria, there is not much need to keep the resistor inactive and it is slowly becoming more active, cutting off the glowing that is released from the system. 

PGLO RESULTS HOLY CRAPWTFBBQ

So today, we came back to class and figured out our results. So apparently the only sample that seemed to glow as well as grow was the sample with the arabinose and the PGLO. The samples without PGLO did not glow and the samples without arabinose did not glow or grow either. This is VERY VERY INTERESTING because what does arabinose do to bacteria colonies that affects their ability to glow? MORE TO BE INTRODUCED.

HECK YEAH SURVIVAL PGLO

Today, we had a lecture from Mr. Quick on Retroviruses and how they implant their own RNA within our cells, causing it to mutate. Then we began to start on our PGLO labs. So in this lab, we are trying to make BACTERIA GLOW HOLY CRAP WTFBBQ. The way this works is we inject a PGLO viruses within a colony of E. Coli bacteria. there are four different types. One type has PGLO and an antibiotic within it, one does not have PGLO and has an antibiotic within it, one has PGLO without an antibiotic, and one does not have PGLO but also does not have an antibiotic. RESULTS TO BE ANNOUNCED

Summary of Chp. 6

Survival of the Sickest summary

Chp.6

There are these genes called jumping genes that cut and paste genetic code into lines of code in DNA. They can also copy and paste the genetic code. These genes are very closely related to retroviruses that use RNA to get to the DNA to infect DNA. Also, on DNA, a very small percentage of the actual DNA strand is useful code, the other 90 percent of the DNA strand is noncoding strands of DNA. This is probably because some retroviruses with symbiotic effects have implanted themselves in our own DNA and help send some lines of code to help us survive and thus helping them survive inside us. It's a very intricate process and is super awesome. There is also a large section on disputes about the theory of evolution and the like. Many people think that  Jean Baptiste Lamarck, a big advocate of the acquired traits evolution theory in which mutations during life are passed on to offspring that change and further evolve the species. This theory is perhaps correct in a sense because jumping genes are able to break a barrier between germ and somatic genes and is able to transfer somatic traits such as lung problems from smoking, onto offspring. COOLSTUFFHAPPYFUNTIMEBIO

FROM ATOMSTOTRAITS

The importance of Mendel-
Mendel was extremely important in the process of determining how genes are passed on through generations. There was much controversy over this, some beliefs being that genes are mixed from both parents and some that genes only come from one parent. Mendel confirmed the latter except with a twist. The genes are passed on from one parent but the genes from the other parent often appear in a much more subdued form.

Who Discovered the DNA???
James D.Watson and Francis Crick

 -DNA :D

Five examples of Variatiions that Occur in DNA-
1. Physical Damage to the DNA could cause variation
2. Changes in chemicals A,C,G,T replacing each other in different areas
3. Duplication of letters or Deletion of blocks of letters
4. Insertion of new letters in areas
5. Changes in pattern of the different letters

Evo-Devo? What is it?
A subsection within biology that focuses on studying the effects of changes in development of species and how it functions in evolution

WHY LACTOSE INTOLERANCE?
Perhaps many people have lactose intolerance is because their ancestors, as they were migrating, found no need to have the enzyme Lactase to help digest milk anymore. Aside from needing lactase as a child to digest mother's milk, as people grew older, they became lactose intolerant. However, many societies that focused on cow herding retained their Lactase enzyme as they grew older because their food supply came from such products that contained Lactase.

DAY SOMETHING OF SOMETHING MOVIE TIME

WE FINISHED THE VIDEO. VERY INTERESTING YADADADADA. GONNA HAVE A QUIZ ON IT THE NEXT CLASS. TALKED ABOUT THE TRAVELING OF ANCESTORS ACROSS THE BERING STRAIT THAT REVEALED A LAND BRIDGE DURING THE ICE AGE. THIS IS WHY NATIVE AMERICANS ARE VERY CLOSELY RELATED TO CENTRAL ASIANS AND RUSSIANS. YUP.

What does race have to do with this?

In summary of this article I just read, there is an idea of how we should be grouping people. Is it okay to group people by skin color? Are people of the same skin color actually similar or should they be grouped up with different people? Well, this is a really controversial statement. A way to test how similar people of the same skin color really are is through an experiment. In this experiment, 565 people were used and tested for Alus, pieces of DNA that seem to have no apparent use by are copied over into offspring's DNA. By finding out the how many similarities of Alus people have between them, we are able to figure out exactly how related they are. The results were striking. Typically, the groups were separated into people who's ancestors were isolated from other groups through natural barriers and such. That makes sense though because when people are separated by geological barriers, people tend to change separately resulting in very few similarities in Alus. It's amazing how Africans and Aborigines may have the same skin color, but genetically, are completely different. It's really hard to tell group people into these skin color races because both these cultures developed dark skin in order to adapt from the extreme sun in both Africa and Australia. When attempting to group Indians into their own separate group, scientists found that it was a lot easier grouping Indians with either Europeans or Asians showing that there was a huge European and Asian impact on the country. It's still a very controversial subject about whether we should just group people together by races or not. Some people say that genetic differences are so similar that it is okay to group people into the same race by skin color that it is acceptable to do this. We need to have a clear defined way of grouping people because different groups of people have different reactions to different medicines and diseases and medical companies need to figure out a way to adapt medicine with different people. Good stuff.

READING ABOUT AFRICA

Today we went over our reading about how people originated from Africa and the proof we have that people DID originate from Africa. Essentially, Africans are much more genetically diverse than other races of people because all genes originated from Africans but soon branched out as people began to settle in different places. We saw a movie based on this idea and it showed us this African tribe that was thought to have been the origin of the HUMAN RACE. IT WAS REALLY COOL. THEY ALL HAD SIMILAR FEATURES IN CAUCASIANS, ASIANS, AND AFRICANS. Lots of proof about this idea. Also, there were many scenes of the main character trying to be cool. It was a funny video. NUFF SAID

TEST DAY

WE HAD A TEST IT WAS FUN. Mr. Quick sat there staring into space. I wonder how it's like having to sit through a room of silence being bored and all while your students take tests. Must kinda suck =/

SURVIVAL OF THE PEOPLE WITH THE HIGHEST GRADES(KIND OF NOT REALLY)

Today we reviewed our homework's reading on why everyone has to die and human aging. It talks about how aging was programmed into us and how we are all destined to die. Pretty much what happens is that everytime a cell reproduces, it loses a bit of DNA, however, in order from preventing the reproduction from doing damage to your body, your DNA have telomers which is pretty much blank data that is used up during reproduction and once the telomers on DNA run out, your body starts getting damaged. The reason why we have this process is an attempt to get fight back against cancer. When a cell becomes cancerous, there is a limit to its ability to reproduce which prevents the cell from growing outrageously. In this way, cancer cells will die out after the telomers are used up. However, cancer cells have a way around that but essentially, this process is a way to prevent cells from easily taking over and reproducing in your body. Also, another reason why we have aging is because dying at an old age does not prevent us from reproducing and thus keeps our species surviving. As long as we reproduce, our bodies don't care what happens to us after we reproduce.

THANK YOU SO MUCH BODY.

Masculinity and how sexy it truly is

Today, during parents day, we had to rate the attractiveness of a number of guys and girls with slightly changed features. Each guy face and girl face was slightly more masculine or feminine than the other and we figured out who thought which face was more attractive to them, masculine or feminine? Although many faces, to me, looked like the same (some were the same because there needed to be a control in the experiment), I figured out that I liked more feminine faces compared to masculine in both guys and girls just like almost all of my classmates. We conjectured, MAYBE IT WAS BECAUSE FEMININE FACES ARE MORE ASSURING AND "SAFER". SOFTER FEATURES SHOWS A MOTHERLY PERSPECTIVE AND A MORE TRUSTWORTHY PERSON THAN A MASCULINE PERSON. So apparently, I like more trustworthy looking people rather more masculine looking people who seem less trustworthy. Mmhmm. Good stuff Mr. Quick

QUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZQUIZ

1. This diagram shows how a certain organism can evolve over millions of years into something completely different yet have some certain similarities. The Mesonychid, in an attempt to find less competition on land, evolves to live in water where there are less predators and competition for it to survive. It still keeps certain structures similar however such as the one bone-two bone-many blobs structure that can be found in the mesonychid as well as in the Basilosaurus.

2.North America

3. Dragonflys, BIrds, and Bats all show analogous structures in their evolution because the bone structures found within them are completely different but the function of their wings are the same. To fly. These organisms, although do not have a common ancestor, all evolved a similar body part to help them preform a similar function

4. The common descent lab shows the different cytochrome C sequences of every animal. Cytochrome C controls the number of random mutations a certain animal has and when there are less differences between two organisms, that means they are related more closely. Humans and rhesus monkey, have only one difference in their Cytochrome sequences whereas Humans and horses, have around eight differences which is why they are less closely related than Humans and rhesus monkeys.

5. Homology is when there is a structure that is similar in many organisms. This is made possible because they all these organisms with the same structure came from a common ancestor who had the structure. For example, Humans have the one bone-two bone-many blobs structure as well as chickens and bats. They are all related from a common ancestor who began to have the one bone-two bone-many blob structure

DAY TWO OF NEW UNIT YEAHHHHHH

TODAY WE CONTINUED ON WITH THE EVOLUTIONARY STUDIES. THIS TIME WE WORKED ON A WORKSHEET WHERE we looked the differences in amino acid sequencing between different organisms and with the number of differences, we were able to put organism in order on a FAMILY TREE BY PUTTING DONKEY AND HORSES TOGETHER BECAUSE THEY ONLY HAD 1 difference in amino acid sequences AND THEN PUTTING THE MOST DIFFERENT ORGANISM, YEAST AS FAR FROM THAT AS POSSIBLE. THE REASON WHY WE LOOK AT AMINO ACID SEQUENCES IS BECAUSE THESE SEQUENCES ARE FOUND ON DNA AND CONTROL THE AMOUNT OF MUTATIONS THE ORGANISM HAS SO LESS DIFFERENCES MEANS THEY'RE NOT THAT different. 

BEGINNING OF NEW UNIT

TODAY WE STARTED ON A NEW UNIT. FOR HOMEWORK WE WERE SUPPOSED TO READ CHAPTERS 1, 2, AND 11 ON YOUR INNER FISH BUT I ACCIDENTLY READ CHAPTERS 1,2 ON SURVIVAL OF THE SICKEST BEFORE I REALIZED I WAS READING THE WRONG BOOK. MR. QUICK PLEASE EMPHASIZE INNER FISH NEXT TIME THE BOOKS LOOK THE SAME. The chapters essentially talked about the Tiktaliik and how it proved evolution because it was a transitional fossil that had characteristics of a fish and an amphibian which shows how certain species evolved to get onto land. We also learned how animals are related to each other through a common ancestor through their homologous structures. The appearance of two bones on limbs are common through most animals because although they all look completely different, they came from the same ancestor probably millions upon millions of years ago.

MACROMOLECULE LAB

Macromolecule Lab


Today we worked on a Macromolecule lab where we were attempting to find the culprit who stole Jerell's ipod. The way we went about this was every culprit had something different for lunch and we tested different foods such as jelly, pretzels and yogurt for glucose, starch, glucose, and lipids using different indicators: Biuret tests for proteins; Benedict tests for glucose; Iodine tests for starch; and we used a brown paper bag to test for lipids. After testing all the different food items for these items, we did the same process for the unknown substance that was supposedly found on Jerell's iPod. After much detective work, we found Amanda's food, contained, starch, glucose, lipids, AND proteins which was also found in the unknown substance that was obtained from the scene of the crime.

MRQUICKMRQUICKMRQUICK

HI MRQUICK TODAY WAS A LAB DAY.

Today we did half of a large lab that worked around the properties of osmosis and diffusion. The first half of the class involved us working in groups of two and attempting to teach another group of two how diffusion and osmosis worked. So Raymond “Rattyray” Tang and I proceeded to teach Anita and Sean how diffusion and osmosis worked.

The second half of the class consisted of a very large lab. We did three parts to the lab. The first part was us putting five different solutions of different molarity into dialysis bags, measuring them, and setting them in distilled water for exactly twenty minutes. After the twenty-minute mark, we took the bags out and measured the weight of each bag and figured out the percent of mass change. We figured that the higher the molarity of the dialysis bag, the more mass change because there was more water that was needed to go into the bag in order to lower the molarity.

The second part we did was using Gatorade and different colored solutions. We placed 5 mL of Gatorade into cups of different colored solutions to find the molarity of the Gatorade. Because we knew the molarity of the different solutions, after we measured the percent mass change of each test, we were able to find the molarity of the Gatorade based on the molarity of the different solutions 

The third part involved the molarity of different potatoes as we put them in different solutions. We were able to do the same and figure out the molarity of the potato by graphing the results and figuring out when the 0 percent mass change happened at what general molarity. 

Board of teaching

                                                                               Mr. Quick Lecturing

Day 3 Blog

Day 3


Today we were tested on our knowledge of the properties of water. For homework, we had to watch ta terrific video mr. quick made that gave the basics of the properties of water. In class, we were divided into two in order to teach a certain property to the class. I was paired up with the famous "Raymond Tang" and we were to explain why if you overfill a water glass, the water will form a convex surface. The reason why was because cohesion between the water molecules pulled it up over the actual glass. Since the molecules stuck together, they pulled each other up. The reason why the water formed into a convex surface at the angle it was was because of the angle the water molecule already is formed at, which was 120 degrees. We only managed to figure out the angle part when Mr. Quick kept asking "WHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHYWHY" Thanks Mr. Quick.

CONVEX SURFACE OF WATER YES MR. QUICK NOTE THE QUALITY OF THE PICTURE HAVE A GOOD DAY

HI MR.QUICK

Today we were given a quiz where we were supposed to chooses out of 14 cards which card to answer. Most of these cards were from a sheet we were given called the unit 1 objectives and I TOTALLY ACED THE ORAL QUIZ. I was given a short question which was something about Electronegativity of NH3 or something. After a few moments of uncertainty and Mr. Quick guiding me through the question (thanks Mr. Quick!) I realized that it was much more simple than I realized. Because the Nitrogen in the molecule was much more negative than the positive hydrogen atoms, the negativity of the entire molecule pointed up to the more negative nitrogen molecule. After the quiz, we did a worksheet that was part of the standards we needed to complete. ALSO DID I MENTION WE LISTENED TO VERY HIP MUSIC. MRQUICK YOUR MUSIC IS VERY HIP THANKS. 

MILK IN MOTION LAB

   Milk in Motion Lab

            Today, after learning about the EXTREMELY confusing grading policy, we proceeded into a lab to figure out why milk interacts with food coloring and dish soap as it did during the video we saw. 

Procedure:

1. Pour milk into Petri dish

2. Add a few drops of food coloring evenly spaced out on the milk DO NOT MIX

3. add dish soap in the middle of the milk and food coloring

4. PROFIT FROM THE RESULTS

So what happened?

THAT'S A VERY GOOD QUESTION MR. QUICK. As we saw in the video and the experiments we did, after the dish soap, we learn that the dish soap has a quality that is able to break up fat molecules by surrounding individual molecules and breaking the intermolecular forces between each molecules in the fats in the milk. This causes the surface tension of the milk to lower drastically because the cohesion between the lipids in the milk is decimated. Before the soap is applied, the food coloring is able to sit on top of the milk because the surface tension of the milk was still strong; however, when the dish soap was introduced, the nonpolar side of the soap molecule attached to the water molecules and the nonpolar side of the molecule attached and surrounded the fats and proteins in the milk. 

WHAT AN INTERESTING CLASS.